Just as psychology spans a broad industry (See "What Is Psychology?"), so do the corresponding titles and responsibilities of people who practice it for a living. Some of the most common types of psychology specializations include:²

• Clinical psychologists
• Counseling psychologists
• Developmental psychologists
• Forensic psychologists
• Health psychologists
• Industrial-organizational psychologists
• Neuropsychologists
• School psychologists
• Social psychologists

Other variations include cognitive, community, environmental, evolutionary, quantitative, rehabilitation and sport psychologists.³

Depending on what type of psychology career you want to pursue, you may need a bachelor's or master's degree in psychology. Different subfields of psychology cover particular elements of the scientific study of behavior. Below is a brief summary of some of the different types of psychologists and what each does.⁴

Clinical Psychologists

Treat disorders of specific types or in specific populations. Cover behavioral, mental and emotional health. Work with physicians on psychological causes of physical issues.

Health Psychologists

Examine psychological factors of health and illness. Develop programs to alleviate psychological pain or address poor coping mechanisms and health habits. Work with other healthcare professionals.

Neuropsychologists

Study the impact of brain systems and neurological function on emotions and behavior. Work with other healthcare professionals to help people with brain injuries.

Counseling Psychologists

Help people of all ages with common problems in their careers or lives, paying particular attention to age, gender and other categories.

Developmental Psychologists

Deal with the development of the mind throughout the human lifespan. Particularly interested in behaviors related to childhood, adolescence and the elder population.

Forensic Psychologists

Apply their expertise to the legal system. Work with judges and attorneys to assess individuals’ psychological health as related to court issues. Potentially conduct research on courtroom behavior.

Industrial-Organizational Psychologists

Work with businesses, often human resources departments, on staff development, productivity and morale. May help design tests and selection procedures for promotions and new hires.

School Psychologists

Coordinate with families and staff—and work directly with students themselves—on behavioral needs in the educational environment.

Social Psychologists

Look at the influence of interpersonal interactions (including groups) on individuals. Work in multiple environments, including universities, advertising agencies and government bodies.

• B.A. in Psychology
• M.A. in Psychology
• M.S. in Industrial and Organizational Psychology
• Ph.D. in Community Psychology